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    • Some biological agents are regulated for export and may not be exported to denied parties (restricted persons), for prohibited end-uses (e.g., biological weapons), or to sanctioned countries. Please review UF’s Export Control page for more information. If you intend to ship any items listed on this page, email exportcontrol@research.ufl.edu with the name of the institution, location (city and country), and name of the end-user(s) that the material will be exported to. Items may be shipped only for legitimate scientific or clinical purposes.

    If you plan to ship any materials (even items not listed below) to Cuba, Iran, Sudan, Syria, or North Korea, please contact the Export Control Office first. While many of the items on the Commerce Control List are select agents, those preceded by an asterisk (*) are not, but still require an export permit.

    Bioagents Listed on the Commerce Control List

    This list is subject to change (Current as of February 22, 2023).

    Human and Animal Pathogens and Toxins (ECCN 1C351)
    Viruses
    1. African horse sickness virus
    2. African swine fever virus
    3. *Andes virus
    4. Avian influenza (AI) viruses identified as having high pathogenicity (HP), as follows:
    5. AI viruses that have an intravenous pathogenicity index (IVPI) in 6-week old chickens >1.2 or
    6. AI viruses that cause at least 75% mortality in 4- to 8-week old chickens infected IV.
    7. Note: Avian influenza viruses of the H5 or H7 subtype that do not have either of the characteristics described above should be sequenced to determine whether multiple basic amino acids are present at the cleavage site of the haemagglutinin molecule (HAO). If the amino acid motif is similar to that observed for other HPAI isolates, then the isolate being tested should be considered HPAI and the virus is controlled for export.
    8. *Blue tongue virus
    9. Chapare virus
    10. *Chikungunya virus
    11. *Choclo virus
    12. Classical swine fever (Hog cholera virus)
    13. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus
    14. *Dobrava-Belgrade virus
    15. Eastern equine encephalitis virus
    16. Ebola virus (including all members of the Ebolavirusgenus)
    17. Foot-and-mouth disease virus
    18. Goat pox virus
    19. Guanarito virus
    20. *Hantaan virus
    21. Hendra virus (Equine morbillivirus)
    22. *Japanese encephalitis virus
    23. Junin virus
    24. Kyasanur Forest disease virus
    25. *Laguna Negra virus
    26. Lassa fever virus
    27. *Louping ill virus
    28. Lujo virus
    29. Lumpy skin disease virus
    30. *Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus
    31. Machupo virus
    32. Marburg virus (including all members of the Marburgvirusgenus)
    33. Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (MERS-related coronavirus)
    34. Monkeypox virus
    35. *Murray Valley encephalitis virus
    36. Newcastle disease virus
    37. Nipah virus
    38. Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus
    39. *Oropouche virus
    40. Peste des petits ruminants virus
    41. *Porcine Teschovirus
    42. *Powassan virus
    43. *Rabies virus and all other members of the Lyssavirusgenus
    44. 1918 pandemic influenza virus – reconstructed replication competent forms containing any portion of the coding regions of all 8 gene segments.
    45. Rift Valley fever virus
    46. Rinderpest virus
    47. *Rocio virus
    48. Sabia virus
    49. *Seoul virus
    50. SARS-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV). As per BIS guidance, SARS-CoV-2is not subject to export control regulations.
    51. Sheep pox virus
    52. *Sin Nombre virus
    53. *St. Louis encephalitis virus
    54. *Suid Herpesvirus 1 (Pseudorabies virus; Aujeszky’s disease)
    55. Swine vesicular disease virus
    56. Tickborne encephalitis virus (Far eastern subtype, formerly Russian Spring-Summer encephalitis virus). Tickborne encephalitis virus (Siberian subtype, formerly West Siberian virus)
    57. Variola virus
    58. Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus
    59. *Vesicular stomatitis virus
    60. *Western equine encephalitis virus
    61. *Yellow fever virus
    Bacterial and Rickettsial Agents
    1. Bacillus anthracis
    2. Brucella abortus
    3. Brucella melitensis
    4. Brucella suis
    5. Burkholderia mallei (formerlyPseudomonas mallei)
    6. Burkholderia pseudomallei (formerlyPseudomonas pseudomallei)
    7. *Chlamydia psittaci (formerly Chlamydophila psittaci)
    8. Clostridium argentinense (formerlyClostridium botulinum Type G), botulinum neurotoxin producing strains
    9. Clostridium baratii, botulinum neurotoxin producing strains
    10. Clostridium botulinum
    11. Clostridium butyricum, botulinum neurotoxin producing strains
    12. *Clostridium perfringens,epsilon toxin producing types
    13. Coxiella burnetii
    14. Francisella tularensis
    15. Mycoplasma capricolum subspeciescapripneumoniae (“strain F38”)
    16. Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides SC (small colony, contagious bovine pleuropneumonia)
    17. Rickettsia prowazekii
    18. *Salmonella entericasubspecies enterica serovar Typhi (Salmonella Typhi)
    19. *Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli(STEC) of serogroups O26, O45, O103, O104, O111, O121, O145, O157 and other Shiga toxin producing serogroups (STEC strains include, among others, enterohemorrhagic  coli (EHEC) and verocytotoxin-producing E. coli (VTEC).
    20. *Shigella dysenteriae
    21. *Vibrio cholerae
    22. Yersinia pestis
    Biological Toxins and Subunits Thereof
    1. Abrin
    2. *Aflatoxins
    3. Botulinum toxins
    4. *Brevetoxins
    5. *Clostridium perfringens alpha, beta 1, beta 2, epsilon and iota toxins
    6. Conotoxin
    7. Diacetoxyscirpenol toxin
    8. *Gonyautoxins
    9. *HT-2 toxin
    10. *Microcystin (Cyanginosins)
    11. *Modeccin toxin
    12. *Nodularins
    13. *Palytoxin
    14. Ricin$
    15. Saxitoxin#$
    16. *Shiga toxin (shiga-like toxins, verotoxins, and verocytotoxins)
    17. Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins, hemolysin alpha toxin, and toxic shock syndrome toxin (formerly Staphylococcus enterotoxin F)
    18. T-2 toxin
    19. Tetrodotoxin
    20. *Viscumin (Viscum album lectin 1)
    21. *Volkensin toxin
    Fungi
    1. *Coccidioides immitis
    2. *Coccidioides posadasii
    Plant Pathogens (ECCN 1C354)
    Bacteria
    1. *Clavibacter michiganensissubspecies sepedonicus (Corynebacterium michiganensis subspecies sepedonicum or Corynebacterium sepedonicum)
    2. Ralstonia solanacearum, race 3, biovar 2
    3. Rathayibacter toxicus
    4. *Xanthomonas albilineans
    5. *Xanthomonas axonopodiscitri (Xanthomonas campestris citri A) (Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri)
    6. Xanthomonas oryzae
    Fungi
    1. *Cochliobolus miyabeanus(Helminthosporium oryzae)
    2. *Colletotrichium kahawae(Colletotrichium coffeanum virulans)
    3. *Magnaporthe oryzae(Pyricularia oryzae)
    4. *Microcyclus ulei(Dothidella ulei)
    5. Peronosclerospora philippinensis(Peronosclerospora sacchari)
    6. Phoma glycinicola(formerly Pyrenochaeta glycines)
    7. *Puccinia graminisgraminis graminis / Puccina graminis ssp. graminis car. stakmanii (Puccinia graminis [syn. Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici])
    8. *Puccinia striiformis(Puccinia glumarum)
    9. Sclerophthora rayssiaezeae
    10. Synchytrium endobioticum
    11. *Thecaphora solani
    12. *Tilletia indica
    Viruses
    1. *Andean potato latent virus (Potato Andean latent tymovirus)
    2. *Potato spindle tuber viroid
    Genetic Elements and Genetically Modified Organisms (ECCN 1C353)
    Any genetically modified organism that contains, or any genetic element that codes for, any of the following:

    1. Any gene, genes, translated product or translated products specific to any virus controlled by 1C351.a or .b or 1C354.c
    2. Any gene or genes specific to any bacterium controlled by 1C351.c or 1C354.a or any fungus controlled by 1C351.e or 1C354.b and which:
      1. In itself or through its transcribed or translated products represents a significant hazard to human, animal, or plant health.
      2. Could endow or enhance pathogenicity.
    3. Any toxins, or their sub units, controlled by 1C351.d
    Technical Notes
    1. “Genetically modified organisms” include organisms in which the nucleic acid sequences have been created or altered by deliberate molecular manipulation.
    2. “Genetic elements” include, inter alia, chromosomes, genomes, plasmids, transposons, vectors, and inactivated organisms containing recoverable nucleic acid fragments, whether genetically modified or unmodified, or chemically synthesized in whole or in part. Nucleic acids from an inactivated organism are considered to be “recoverable” if the inactivation and preparation of the material is intended or known to facilitate isolation, purification, amplification, detection, or identification of nucleic acids.
    3. This ECCN does not control nucleic acid sequences of shiga toxin producing Escherichia coliof serogroups O26, O45, O103, O104, O111, O121, O145, O157 and other shiga toxin producing serogroups, other than those genetic elements coding for shiga toxin, or for its subunits
    4. “Endow or enhance pathogenicity” is defined as when the insertion or integration of the nucleic acid sequence or sequences is/are likely to enable or increase a recipient organism’s ability to be used to deliberately cause disease or death. This might include alterations to, inter alia: virulence, transmissibility, stability, route of infection, host range, reproducibility, ability to evade or suppress host immunity, resistance to medical countermeasures, or detectability.
    Vaccines, immunotoxins, medical products, diagnostic and food testing kits, as follows (1C991)
    List of Items Controlled:

    1. Vaccines against items controlled by ECCN 1C351, 1C353 or 1C354
    2. Immunotoxins containing items controlled by 1C351.d
    3. Medical products containing botulinum toxins controlled by ECCN 1C351.d.3 or conotoxins controlled by ECCN 1C351.d.6
    4. Medical products containing items controlled by ECCN 1C351.d (except botulinum toxins controlled by ECCN 1C351.d.3, conotoxins controlled by ECCN 1C351.d.6, and items controlled for CW reasons under 1C351.d.11 or .d.12)
    5. Diagnostic and food testing kits containing items controlled by ECCN 1C351.d (except items controlled for CW reasons under ECCN 1C351.d.11 or d.12)
    International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR)
    US State Department Regulations, Part 121, The US Munitions List, control the export of biological materials regulated as “defense articles”. See Category XIV: Toxicological Agents including Chemical, Biological Agents, and Associated Equipment . MULTIPLE Export Controls, INCLUDING a License will be required to export, use, or possess the following:

    (b) Biological agents and biologically derived substances specifically developed, configured, adapted, or modified for the purpose of increasing their capability to produce casualties in humans or livestock, degrade equipment or damage crops.

    (f) Equipment and its components, parts, accessories, and attachments specifically designed or modified for military operations and compatibility with military equipment as follows:

    • The dissemination, dispersion or testing of the biological agents listed in paragraph (b);
    • The detection, identification, warning or monitoring of the biological agents listed in paragraph (b);
    • Sample collection and processing of the biological agents listed in paragraph (b);
    • Individual protection against the biological agents listed in paragraph (b);
    • Collective protection against the biological agents listed in paragraph (b);
    • Decontamination or remediation of the biological agents listed in paragraph (b).

    Additional items associated with, or specific to, the biological agents listed in paragraph (b) are also controlled under the ITAR including medical countermeasures (pre- and post-treatments, vaccines, antidotes, medical diagnostics); modeling or simulation tools; equipment, components, parts, accessories and attachments, exclusive of incinerators specifically designed/modified for the destruction of biological agents in paragraph (b); technical data and defense services.

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